Monday, July 12, 2010

KJV Archaic Words Rules

Person Case Singular Plural
1st n/a n/a
2nd "-est" n/a
3rd "-eth" n/a

NOTE: Not all 2nd person singular verbs end with "-est", but all verbs that end with "-est" are 2nd person singular. Likewise, not all 3rd person singular verbs end with "-eth", but all verbs that end with "-eth" are 3rd person singular.

For example, let's look at the verb "love" in the KJV. The verb will always fit the table above as follows:

Person Case Singular Plural
1st I love we love
2nd thou lovest ye love
3rd he loveth they love

It is similar to the person-case rules for the modern verb "is":

Person Case Singular Plural
1st I am we are
2nd you are you are
3rd he is they are
They explain the "-est" and "-eth" suffixes on verbs as signifying continual action (Greek "perfect tense") as opposed to a one-time action (Greek "aorist tense"). Their error raises an important question: these tenses and duration indication on verbs are present in the Greek scriptures from which our English translations have been produced. However, these tenses are absent in English, so the meanings (aorist vs. perfect) are lost during translation, and must be guessed at by a reader. This indicates that no English version, including the KJV, can be totally "perfect", and that study of the underlying languages can provide meaning that is lost in English. From Greek and Hebrew to English.

Person Case Singular Plural
1st I shall/will
we shall
2nd thou shalt/ wilt
ye shall
3rd he shall/will they shall


Person Case Singular Plural
1st I have, am
we have, are
2nd thou hast, art
ye have, are
3rd he hath, is
they have, are

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